How economic rewards affect cooperation reconsidered
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recent studies suggest that payoffs in cents, compared to dollars, produce less defection in a repeated prisoner’s dilemma game. We are unable to replicate these findings with conventional economic procedures or in a direct replication. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
منابع مشابه
Running Head : COOPERATION How Economic Rewards Affect Cooperation Reconsidered
In a recent report, Furlong and Opfer (FO; 2009) found that the level of cooperation observed in an iterated prisoner’s dilemma game (IPD) could be varied in systematic ways by manipulating the numeric values of the payoffs to cooperation versus defection while holding the underlying economic values constant. We sought to determine if similar effects from numeric transformations would be observ...
متن کاملCognitive constraints on how economic rewards affect cooperation.
Cooperation often fails to spread in proportion to its potential benefits. This phenomenon is captured by prisoner's dilemma games, in which cooperation rates appear to be determined by the distinctive structure of economic incentives (e.g., $3 for mutual cooperation vs. $5 for unilateral defection). Rather than comparing economic values of cooperating versus not ($3 vs. $5), we tested the hypo...
متن کاملCooperation Decreases with Development of Number Sense
Cooperation among children can appear haphazard, a finding often attributed to deficient social skills and moral reasoning. Here we took a game theoretical approach to understand development of cooperation, using the prisoner’s dilemma to test an alternative source of age-differences in cooperative behavior—how children and adults represent the numerical magnitudes of payoffs for cooperating ve...
متن کاملThe Carrot or the Stick: Rewards, Punishments, and Cooperation
Many institutional arrangements suggest that punishments and rewards each play a separate role in providing incentives. In New York City’s recent negotiations with its teacher’s union, for instance, the city sought a contract that would strengthen school principals’ ability to assign teachers to be cafeteria monitors, in part because this allows them to punish underperforming teachers. The cont...
متن کاملDiminishing returns in social evolution: the not-so-tragic commons.
A challenge for evolutionary theory is to understand how cooperation can occur in the presence of competition and cheating, a problem known as the tragedy of commons. Here I examine how varying the fitness returns from reproductive competition or cooperation affects the negative impact of competition on a social group. Varying linear returns does not affect the impact of competition. However, d...
متن کامل